Sennacherib finally lost patience in 689 BCE and had the city sacked, razed, and the ruins scattered as a lesson to others. 705-681 BCE), Babylon continually revolted. The Assyrians followed the Kassites in dominating the region, and under the reign of the king Sennacherib (r. The city was still a small port at this time, overshadowed by neighboring city-states. 1830-1817 BCE), the first kingly figure of Babylon (though there is mention of an earlier ruler, Sumu-la-ilu, in 1880 BCE). 2223-2198), it is recorded that two temples were built at Babylon, and it later fell under the control of the city of Kazallu until liberated by the Amorite chieftain Sumu-abum (r. Under the later Akkadian king Shar- Kali-Sharri (r. It seems to have been a small, but profitable, port city on the river by this time. The earliest mention of the city comes from an inscription from the time of Sargon of Akkad. In 2019, the ruins of the great city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In the 1980s, restoration attempts were made under then-president Saddam Hussein including a reconstruction of the Ishtar Gate (the actual gate presently in the Pergamon Museum of Berlin, Germany). It was known only through biblical narratives and classical writers until its discovery in the 19th century.
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